Igikoresho co guterura ibintu gishobora guca mu kigeragezo cose c’iyerekanwa ku rugo rw’umucuruzi, kigaca kiba igikoresho kibi co kugura haciye amezi atandatu.
Bitangura vyoroshe. Ico giti kiraduga neza. Nta n’amazi aboneka asohoka. Irangi ni rishasha, amapine asa n’ayemewe, kandi urupapuro rw’ibisobanuro rujanye n’ivyo bavuze. Benshi mu baguzi barahuye n’ivyo. Igikoresho co guterura ibintu gikora ata neza ata gasembwa mu gihe c’iyerekanwa ry’iminota 20-kenshi gikora mu buryo butandukanye inyuma y’amasaha amajana y’ibikorwa ku butaka buteye akaga, mu bibanza vy’ububiko bukonje, canke mu gihe c’ibikorwa vy’imisi myinshi bitahagarara.
Aho ni ho ingingo nyinshi zo kugura forklift zinanirwa. Benshi mu baguzi barabanza gusuzuma ibikoresho maze bagaca bafata ivy’ugukoresha bikenewe ubwa kabiri. Abarongozi b’amato bazi utuntu n’utundi barafata uburyo bunyuranye n’ubwo. Batangura n’ibisabwa ku kazi, uko ahantu hameze be n’igihe co guhagarara, hanyuma bagaca bamenya nimba iyo forklift ibereye uwo murimo.
Ico kinogo c’ubwenge ni ikintu gihambaye cane, kuko uburyo bwo guterura ibintu si ikintu gihoraho. Nta forklift gusa "nziza" canke "mbi" ubwayo - ishobora kuba ibereye canke idakwiriye, yemejwe canke ntiyageragejwe ku bijanye n'ingene ukora.
Igikoresho co guterura ibintu gikora neza cane ku bubiko bwo mu nzu bukora igihe kimwe-gishobora gushaza ningoga mu bigo vy’ibiti vyo hanze. Igikoresho gikoreshwa n’umuyagankuba gikoreshwa neza gishobora guhisha ibibazo vy’amabateri vyihishije bigaragara gusa iyo umuntu akoresheje cane ku musi ku musi. Igikoresho gifise igiciro gito-gishobora guhinduka ishoramari rizimvye igihe utunenge twihishije tubonetse inyuma yo gutanga.
Rero imbere yo gusuzuma amapine, amaforogo canke amabateri, hari ikibazo gihambaye kuruta:
None iyo forklift itegerezwa gukora iki nyabuna?
Ugusaba kuza imbere y'uko hasuzumwa
Amakosa menshi yo kugura atangura n’ukugereranya amakuru, atari ugusesangura ibikorwa. Abaguzi benshi bagereranya gusa ubushobozi bwo guterura, uburebure bw’amabati n’igiciro, batabanje gusobanura ingene iyo nkoko izokora mu vy’ukuri ku kibanza.{1}}.
Yamara rero, ututandukaniro dutoduto mu gukoresha akenshi turahindura uburyo bwose bwo gusuzuma.
None iyo forklift izokora amasaha angahe ku musi?
Yoba izotwara amapaleti asanzwe canke imizigo miremire kandi idasanzwe?
Mbega izokora kuri beton iryoshe, ku nzira yononekaye canke ku mabuye y’agaciro?
Yoba izosubiramwo hagati y’ubushuhe bwo mu karere n’ivyumba vy’ibifungurwa?
Mbega iyo umuntu asenyutse, yoba azotuma haba ingorane, canke azohagarika gukora burundu?
Izo nyishu ntizisobanura gusa igikoresho co gutwara ibintu co kugura, ariko n’ingene ingorane zo mu bikorwa zishobora kwemerwa. Ikamyo ikora amasaha ane ku musi mu bubiko butoyi irashobora kwihanganira ibintu vyinshi bitazwi kuruta iyo ikora mu bihe bitatu mu kibanza co gukwiragiza ibintu gifise abantu benshi.
Ni co gituma urutonde rworoshe rwo gusuzuma rukunda kunanirwa.Ico kimenyetso nyene co kwambara ivy’isuku gishobora gusobanura bike cane mu gukoresha kumwe maze kikaba ikimenyetso c’imburi mu kindi.Ingingo nyazo zo kugura ntizikunda kuronka ibikoresho bitunganye. Ni ivy’ugufata ingingo nimba ibimenyamenya biriho bikomeye bihagije kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gukora igikorwa gitegekanijwe.
Ubwo buryo bwo kwiyumvira si ubw’ivyiyumviro.Återbruksbyrån, ishirahamwe ry’ugusubira gukoresha ibikoresho vy’inyubako-i Göteborg muri Suède, ryahisemwo igikoresho co gutwara ibintu gikoreshwa mu nzira zine biciye mu murwi wa Relevator kugira ngo gikoreshe ibikoresho birebire kandi bikomeye mu nzira ndende. Uwo mugambi warakoze kubera ko uwuguze yatanguye n’igikorwa ca mbere: uburebure bw’inzira, ubwoko bw’imizigo n’ibisabwa vyo gukoresha vyasobanuwe imbere y’uko guhitamwo ibikoresho bitangura. Igikoresho co guterura ibintu cakoreshejwe cari gihuye n’ivyo cari gikoreshwa, rero imashini y’igiciro gito-yari itanga ubushobozi bwo kwizigirwa.
Inkomoko: Ishirahamwe ry’abaguzi ry’abaguzi – Återbruksbyrån.
Icigwa nyamukuru kiratomoye: ntukigere ucira urubanza igikoresho co guterura ibintu kubera ukuntu kigaragara gusa.Imisi yose uyicire urubanza ukurikije uko imeze ihuye n'ibikorwa vyawe vy'umusi-ku-umusi.
Iyerekanwa ni intango, si ikimenyamenya
Igikoresho cose co guterura ibintu gisaba ko umuntu asuzuma neza ivy’ishimikiro. Raba neza ko ugenzura neza ukuntu umuduga ugenda, ukuntu umuduga uhagarara, ukuntu umugozi ugenda, ukuntu amazi agenda, amapine, amaforogo, ibikoresho vyo kugabisha ku bijanye n’umutekano be n’aho amazi aboneka asohoka. Ni ngombwa kandi kugenzura inyandiko z’ibikorwa, amateka y’ugusanasana n’ibara ry’amakuru y’ibikoresho.
Amabwirizwa ya Jungheinrich yo kugura ibikoresho vy’ugukura ibintu bikoreshwa atanga impanuro yo gusubiramwo inyandiko, amateka y’ibikorwa n’imiterere y’ibikoresho imbere y’uko bigeragezwa. Iryo shirahamwe kandi rishimika ku gusuzuma igiti c’indege, amaforogo, amapine, amafirime n’igice c’inyuma, aho gucira urubanza igikoresho gusa ku kuntu kimeze hanze.
Inkomoko: Jungheinrich, Urutonde rw’ivyo ushobora gusuzuma ku bijanye n’ugugura ikamyo yawe yakoreshejwe.
Naho ari ukwo, ivyerekanywe ku -ku rubuga birafise aho bigarukira. Igikoresho co guterura ibintu gikora ata neza ata gasembwa mu minota cumi ntigishobora kwemeza ko gikora neza inyuma y’amasaha umunani gikora ubudasiba.Ibimenyetso vy’amazi biguma bikomeye mu gihe c’imigenderanire migufi y’igerageza birashobora kunanirwa iyo umuntu akora igikorwa gikomeye-igihe kirekire. Igikoresho co gutanga amajwi giteye neza kandi giteye akaruru mu gihe c’iyerekanwa ry’umuco gishobora gutuma haba urusaku rudasanzwe be n’ugusambuka igihe gikoreshwa n’umuzigo wose ku butaka butaringaniye.
Ivyo nyene birakora no ku bisomwa vy’amasaha. Amasaha make y’akazi ni ikimenyetso ciza, ariko ntiyerekana ingene iyo mashini yafashwe mu gihe yariko irakoreshwa. Igikoresho co guterura amasaha make-gishobora kuba cararemerewe cane, kitagira ico gikora canke kidakoresha neza bateri. Hagati aho, igice c'amasaha menshi-gifise amakuru yuzuye kandi adahinduka ni co gihitamwo co kwizigirwa.
Uko Bateri Imeze Ni Ivy'agaciro kurusha uko Abaguzi Benshi Babibona
Abenshi mu baguzi barasuzuma mu buryo burambuye umubiri w’ikinyabiziga gikoreshwa n’umuyagankuba, yamara ntibitaho bateri yaco, iyo na yo ikaba ikwiye gusuzumwa mu buryo bungana.
Ku bikoresho vy’amashanyarazi vy’amashanyarazi, uburyo bwo gucunga amabateri (BMS) buratanga amakuru ahambaye: amakuru y’ugushaja, igitigiri c’ingendo, amakode y’amakosa, amakuru y’ugusohoka kw’amazi n’amateka y’ubushuhe.
Inkomoko: EPower Forklifts, Urutonde rw’ibikoresho vy’umuyagankuba vyakoreshejwe.
Amadosiye ya bateri abuze ntabwo yama yerekana amakosa, ariko atuma habaho ukudakeka kw'imikorere - ikintu cama gifise ibiciro vyihishijwe. Igiciro co kugura gigabanutse ntikigera gikuraho ingorane; gusa ryimurira igice kinini c’ingorane za bateri n’izo gukoresha ku muguzi.
Gutunganya Bishobora Kuba Bihambaye Kuruta Ivyo Bimeze
Igikoresho co guterura ibintu gishobora kuba gifise amagara meza mu vy’ubuhinga kandi kikaba ari imashini mbi.
Imibare y’ubushobozi ni akarorero keza.Abaguzi benshi bitaho umubare w’umutwe-2.5 tonnes, 3 tonnes, 5 tonnes-ariko ubushobozi nyabwo buvana n’aho umuzigo uhagarara, uburebure bw’uguterura, ubuhinga bw’amabati n’ibindi bifatanya.
Gushiramwo igihinduzi co ku ruhande, igikoresho co gushiramwo amaforogo canke igikoresho co gufata bihindura ubushobozi bwo kwikorera. Guterura ibikoresho ku burebure burenze biragabanya ubushobozi bwo gusigaza.Jungheinrich agira inama yo gusuzuma igipande c’amakuru ku bijanye n’igiti nyaco n’imiterere y’ivyo bifatanya kubera ko uguhindura ari ikintu gisanzwe mu bikoresho vyakoreshejwe.
Iryo hame ry’ishimikiro rikunda kwirengagizwa. Igikoresho co guterura ibintu gishobora gutwara imizigo mu buryo bworoshe mu gihe c'iyerekanwa rigufi ariko kigakora hafi y'aho gishobora gukora mu bikorwa vy'imisi myinshi. Igihe cose wemeze ko imiterere y'imashini ihuye n'ivyo yemewe kuri dosiye.
Ibice bimwebimwe vyerekana vyinshi kuruta ivyo irangi rizokwigera rikora
Ivyo umuntu abona hanze akenshi birazimiza. Ivyo imashini ishobora kwambara biratanga ishusho y’ukuri cane y’ingene yakoze.
Amapine yerekana ibikorwa bitaringaniye vyo hasi, ibibazo vyo gutunganya canke gukoresha cane-ibikorwa. Amaforogo yerekana ibimenyetso bigaragara vy’uko umuntu aremereye cane, ko yononekaye kubera ingaruka n’uko yononekaye igihe kirekire-. Amabwirizwa ya OSHA ategeka ko amaforogo yononekaye, yasadutse canke yasambutse cane ahita akurwa mu bikorwa.
Inkomoko: Itegeko ry'Igihugu ry'Igihugu 1910.178.
Iminyorororo y’amabarabara, amabarabara n’ibikoresho vy’amazi bisaba gusuzumwa neza nk’uko nyene. Inyuguti ziteye ubwoba, guterura bitari ku rugero n’urusaku rudasanzwe vyerekana ko hariho ukuntu umuntu ashobora kwambara bihishijwe bidashobora kubonwa ku mashini ihagaze.
Gusuzuma amaso gusa ntibihagije ku bijanye n’amazi. Gufata umuzigo mu gihe kirekire birashobora kwerekana ukuntu ivyuma vy’umubiri vyihuta bishobora kubona. Biratanga kandi kugenzura ibihimba vy’umubiri. Hyster field-ibikoresho vy'ibikorwa vyabonye ibihe aho ibice vy'uburyo bwo hasi -vyagabanyije ubuzima bw'ibikorwa canke bikagira ico bikoze ku mikorere ya sisitemu.
Inkomoko: Ivyerekeye ubuhinga bwa Hyster.
Igikoresho co guterura ibintu ni ikintu kirenze ibihimba vy’umubiri. Ibice vyayo vyerekana inkuru yuzuye y’ingene iyo mashini yakoreshwa, ikabungabungwa be n’ingene igasanurwa uko igihe cagenda kirarenga.
Ivyerekeye Akazi Birahinduka Ico Uburyo Busobanura
Ivyuma bibiri bishobora kugira amasaha asa, ibiciro bisa n’ukuntu bisa, yamara bikaba bisaba guca imanza zitandukanye cane.
Igikoresho gikoreshwa gusa mu gukoresha amapaleti yo mu nzu kirashobora kwihanganira ingorane nke cane kuruta ico gikoreshwa mu gutwara ibiti hanze, beton n’ibikoresho biremerera. Iyo sosiyete ikoresha ubwato bunini bw’ibikoresho vy’umuyaga-vy’amapine vy’ibikorwa vyo mu rugo rw’ibiti, gukura ibintu mu nzira y’igariyamoshi no gukoresha ibikoresho vyo hanze. Izo mashini zikora buri musi mu bibanza vy’inkungugu, ku butaka butaringaniye, ziguma zinyiganyiga be n’imitwaro iremereye.
Inkomoko: Toyota – Ivyigwa vy’ivy’inyubako vya McCoy.
Mwene ivyo bibanza bikomeye vyo gukoreramwo biratuma habaho uburyo budasanzwe bwo kwambara. Ivyuma bikoreshwa mu gutwara imodoka, amafirime, amapine, ibihimba vy’umubiri n’ibihimba vy’umubiri vyose biratuma umuntu agira umubabaro mwinshi. Igikoresho co guterura ibintu kimeze nk’ico kwizigirwa kuri beton isongoye kirashobora kugorwa cane ku butaka buteye igomwe.
Gubika ibintu mu buryo bukonje birazana ikindi kibazo. Ikibazo kirarenga ubushuhe buke gusa. Guhinduka kenshi hagati y’ibice bishushe n’ibikonje bitera ibibazo vy’ugukonja, bikahungabanya ubushobozi bwa bateri kandi bikahindura ingeso zo gushaja.Igikoresho co guterura ibintu gifise ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu ntigisobanurwa n'ibimenyetso biri ku mpapuro, ariko n'ukwizigirwa kwaco guhoraho biciye mu gusubiramwo ubushuhe.
Igiciro c'igihe co guhagarara gihindura ingingo yo gusuzuma
Gusuzuma uburyo bw’ibikoresho vy’ugukura ibintu ni ingingo y’ubudandaji, si ugusuzuma ubuhinga gusa. Igikoresho co gukura ibintu gishobora kwihanganira ukudakeka kuruta ikamyo ishigikira ugukomeza gukora.
Iyo igikoresho gikomeye co guterura ibintu kivunitse, ivyo umuntu atakaza birarenga cane amahera yo gusanura. Ibikorwa vyo gutwara ibintu birahagarara, ibikoresho bihagarara, abakozi bicara ataco bakora, kandi ivyo abakiriya bashikana biracerezwa. Ni co gituma uburemere bw’igenzura bukwiye kwama bujanye n’ingorane zo mu bikorwa. Ibikoresho vy'ikoreshwa ryinshi -bisaba ko bigeragezwa cane, bipimwa n'amabateri yose, bigenzurwa neza amateka y'ibikorwa, canke bigenzurwa n'abahinga.
Igiciro co gusuzuma neza hafi y’igihe cose kiraba ari gito cane ugereranije n’igiciro co guhagarara ataco umuntu ateguye.
Ivyo Bidashobora Kwemezwa Biracari Bihambaye
Ivyemezo vyo kugura ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none ntibishingiye ku bintu vyemejwe gusa, ariko kandi bishingiye ku bintu bidasanzwe. Kubura amakuru yerekeye bateri ntibisigura ko bateri izobura. Ivyonona ivy’isuku ntibituma igikoresho co guterura ibintu kiba ishoramari ribi.
Naho ari ukwo, ikinogo cose kiri mu nyandiko no mu gusuzuma congeramwo ingorane zidapimwa. Abaguzi bazi utuntu n’utundi ntibirengagiza ivyo bintu bidatomoye - barabicungera n’umwete.Ivyo bishobora gusobanura ko hariho ivy’inyongera vyo kugerageza ku rubuga, amasezerano y’igarantiya akomeye, ibiciro bihinduwe, canke guhitamwo ikindi kintu cose.
Ni co gituma uburyo bwo guterura ibintu budashobora gucirwa urubanza n’urutonde rukomeye rwo gusuzuma gusa. Mu mpera, ibibazo bitatu birayobora amahitamwo yose yo kwizigirwa yo kugura: Ni igiki casuzumwe bimwe bishitse? Ni igiki kiguma kitamenyekana? Mbega igikorwa cawe coba gishobora kwihanganira ivyo bibazo bisigaye mu gukoresha ku musi ku musi?
Inyishu z’ukuri z’ivyo bibazo ni zo zituma umuntu afata ingingo nziza kuruta izindi zo kugura. Igikoresho co guterura ibintu c’agaciro si ico gikora gusa ku musi umuntu aguriyeko.Ni imwe ifise amakuru ashobora kugenzurwa, yubatswe kugira ngo igumye igihe kirekire-mu gihe ukora vy'ukuri.
